Even strong research can be undermined by unclear language. Below are common issues seen in biology manuscripts.

Overlong sentences

Break long sentences into shorter ones that clearly state the main result.

Ambiguous pronouns

Avoid unclear “this”, “it”, or “they” when multiple interpretations are possible.

Inconsistent terminology

Use one term per concept to avoid confusing readers.

Tense inconsistency

Methods are usually past tense; established knowledge may be present tense. Consistency matters.

Weak figure captions

Captions should allow interpretation without referring back to the main text.

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If you would like your manuscript edited for clarity and journal-ready English:

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